If number is equal to 2, the text message “You selected option 2.” is displayed, and so on. ![]() If number is equal to 1, the text message “You selected option 1.” is displayed. In the preceding code example, the switch statement has been used to evaluate the value of the variable number. For example, consider the following code snippet: int number = 1 Ĭase 1: ("You selected option 1.") Ĭase 2: ("You selected option 2.") Ĭase 3: ("You selected option 3.") ĭefault: ("You've selected an invalid option.") The switch statement is most often used when you have a number of different options that you want to evaluate. How to Program the Switch Statement in Java The expression can be a variable, constant, or expression that evaluates to an integer value. The syntax of the switch statement in Java is as follows: switch(expression) Read: Top Online Training Courses to Learn Java Syntax of the Switch Statement in Java If none of the case labels match, no further processing occurs and the switch statement terminates without executing any statements between its matching label and end. The switch statement evaluates an integer expression or String literal, then compares it with each case label until a match is found. It can be used to select one of several possible execution paths and is typically used to replace multiple if-else-if statements or a series of nested if statements. The switch statement is a control flow statement used in Java, which means that it determines the flow of program execution. Moreover, they can lead to code that is hard to maintain if the condition in the switch expression changes often. Switch statements are hard to debug and they do not work well with objects or Strings that have multiple possible values. If none of your case blocks match, but you want something to happen anyway, then there is something called default that you can use for that purpose.ĭespite the benefits, there are certain downsides to using switch statements in Java. If there is no match between the values given inside cases and the value of the expression given inside the switch, then none of the code blocks will get executed. In each case, the value specified must match the value of the expression for the associated block of code to be executed. You can have one or more case statements and, optionally, one default statement in a switch statement.Īdditionally, since Java 7, programmers can also use Strings in their switch statements. It should be noted that the switch statement is compliant with int, long, byte, short, String, and enum types. The switch statement has one mandatory argument: the expression based on which the switch will be made, (i.e., based on which the code block pertaining to the matching case statement will be executed). The switch statement is a powerful feature of the Java programming language and removes the need to write multiple if-else statements when we have to process multiple conditions. Read: Java Tools to Increase Productivity What is a Switch Statement in Java? We will explore the syntax, usage, and common gotchas when working with switch statements. In this programming tutorial, we will take a deep dive into understanding how switch statements work in Java and why they are useful. ("Your grade is " + grade) Ĭompile and run the above program using various command line arguments.A switch statement allows programmers to control the flow of execution in their code by testing for a specific value and executing a corresponding block of code. The default case can be used for performing a task when none of the cases is true. If no break appears, the flow of control will fall through to subsequent cases until a break is reached.Ī switch statement can have an optional default case, which must appear at the end of the switch. When a break statement is reached, the switch terminates, and the flow of control jumps to the next line following the switch statement. When the variable being switched on is equal to a case, the statements following that case will execute until a break statement is reached. The value for a case must be the same data type as the variable in the switch and it must be a constant or a literal. ![]() Each case is followed by the value to be compared to and a colon. You can have any number of case statements within a switch. The variable used in a switch statement can only be integers, convertable integers (byte, short, char), strings and enums. The following rules apply to a switch statement − You can have any number of case statements. Each value is called a case, and the variable being switched on is checked for each case. A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values.
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